Victim and perpetrator: In classical and late antiquity, Jewish scholars condemned Cain as a brother murderer. In the modern period, poets stylized him into a tragic hero who struggles against a self-righteous god. Painting: Rainer Oberhänsli-Widmer, Photo: Thomas Kunz Divine Murderers, Human Heroes by Rimma Gerenstein Jewish studies professor Gabrielle OberhänsliWidmer traced changes in images of evil in the history of Jewish theology, culture, and thought 32